Manuscripts submitted to the Journal of Smart Agriculture and Environmental Technology (JOSAET) must present original, scientifically rigorous, and significant contributions relevant to the journal's scope in smart agriculture, environmental technology, and sustainable agricultural and environmental systems. Submissions must not have been previously published or be under consideration for publication elsewhere. All manuscripts must adhere to principles of research integrity and publication ethics and must be free from plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct. Manuscripts that do not meet these fundamental requirements or fall outside the journal's scope may be rejected during the initial editorial screening.

For manuscripts with multiple authors, submission confirms that all authors have approved the manuscript, agreed to its submission to JOSAET, and accept responsibility for their respective contributions. Manuscripts that pass the initial editorial screening will normally undergo a double-blind peer-review process involving at least two independent reviewers with relevant expertise. Final decisions on acceptance, revision, or rejection are made by the editorial team based on the reviewers' evaluations, scientific quality, originality, relevance to the journal's scope, and compliance with publication ethics.

General Format

Please adhere to the following formatting guidelines when preparing your manuscript:

1. Font: Use Times New Roman 12-point size (except for specified cases), and Symbol font for mathematical symbols (both in text and figures).
2. Text Alignment: Use the text alignment specified in the official JOSAET manuscript template. Manuscripts should be prepared in a single-column format for initial submission.
3. Underline: Do not use underlined text.
4. Line Spacing: Use the line spacing specified in the official JOSAET manuscript template.
5. Paragraphs and Sections: Organize paragraphs, section headings, and subsections consistently according to the official JOSAET manuscript template. Avoid unnecessary manual spacing or formatting.
6. Spaces After Periods: Only one space is needed after a period.
7. Paper Size and Page Numbering: Manuscripts should be prepared on A4-size pages and formatted according to the official JOSAET manuscript template. Pages should be numbered consecutively to facilitate the editorial and peer-review process.
8. Order of Content: Manuscripts should generally be organized as follows: Title, author information and affiliations, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Experimental Section, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments (if applicable), Author Contributions, Funding Information, Conflict of Interest Statement, Data Availability Statement (where applicable), and References. Authors should follow the official JOSAET manuscript template for the detailed structure and formatting requirements.
9. Title Page: The first page of the manuscript should include a concise and informative title, followed by the names of all authors and their complete institutional affiliations. The corresponding author should be clearly identified and a valid e-mail address should be provided. Where applicable, ORCID iDs are strongly encouraged. The title should accurately reflect the main subject, scope, and content of the study and should avoid unnecessary abbreviations.
10. Abstract: The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph. It should concisely present the background or rationale, objective, methodological approach, key results, and main conclusion of the study. References should not be cited in the abstract, and non-standard abbreviations should be avoided.
11. Introduction: The introduction should provide relevant background, clearly identify the research problem and knowledge gap, briefly review pertinent literature, establish the novelty and significance of the study, and conclude with a clear statement of the research objective or hypothesis.
12. Experimental Section: This section should provide sufficient detail on the materials, experimental design, procedures, measurements, analytical methods, and statistical analyses to allow the study to be understood and reproduced. Appropriate references should be provided for established methods, while modifications or newly developed methods should be clearly described.
13. Results and Discussion: Results and Discussion may be presented as a combined section or as separate sections, as appropriate to the study. Results should be presented clearly and objectively using relevant tables and figures where necessary. The discussion should interpret the findings, relate them to previous studies, explain their scientific significance and implications, and address important limitations without unsupported speculation.
14. Conclusions: The Conclusions section should clearly and concisely summarize the principal findings of the study in relation to the stated research objectives. The conclusions should emphasize the scientific significance, practical implications, and contribution of the study to the relevant field without merely repeating the results and discussion. Where appropriate, limitations of the study and recommendations for future research may be briefly stated. New data, extensive discussion, unsupported claims, and references should not be introduced in this section.
15. Acknowledgments: This section should briefly acknowledge individuals, institutions, facilities, or other forms of non-author assistance that contributed to the work. Funding information should be reported separately in the Funding Information section.
16. Author Contributions: The specific contributions of each author should be clearly stated to ensure transparency and accountability. Authors are encouraged to describe their contributions using appropriate roles such as conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. All listed authors must have made a substantial contribution to the work and approved the final version of the manuscript.
17. Funding Information: Authors must disclose all sources of financial support received for the research and/or preparation of the manuscript, including the name of the funding agency and grant number where applicable. If the study received no specific funding, authors should state: “This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”
18. Conflict of Interest Statement: All authors must disclose any financial, professional, personal, or other relationships that could be perceived as influencing the research or its interpretation. If no conflict of interest exists, authors should state: “The authors declare no conflict of interest.”
19. Data Availability Statement: Authors should provide a statement describing the availability of the data supporting the findings of the study. Where applicable, datasets should be deposited in an appropriate public repository and the repository name, persistent identifier, or URL should be provided. If data cannot be made publicly available because of ethical, legal, privacy, or other legitimate restrictions, the reason should be clearly stated.
20. References: References should be relevant, current, and directly related to the subject of the manuscript. Authors are encouraged to prioritize primary research articles from reputable peer-reviewed journals and to include recent literature that reflects the current state of knowledge in the field. Older references may be included when they are seminal or essential to the study. Unpublished data and personal communications should not be included in the reference list. Articles formally accepted for publication may be cited as “in press” when appropriate. All references must be complete, accurate, consistently formatted, and prepared according to the official JOSAET reference style.

Reference Style: JOSAET uses an author–year citation system. References should be listed alphabetically by the surname of the first author and formatted consistently according to the official JOSAET manuscript template. Authors are responsible for ensuring that all references cited in the text appear in the reference list and that all entries in the reference list are cited in the text.

Note: Here are examples of how references should be formatted:

1. Journal Publication:
   1. Journal Article: Budianta, D., Warsito & Ardiansyah. 2022. Lead accumulation in tidal swamps: Case study at transmigration area of South Sumatra, Indonesia after 40 years of cultivation. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering A, 11: 206–212. https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5298/2022.06.003
   2. Book: Alloway, B.J. 1995. Heavy Metals in Soils. Blackie Academic & Professional, London.
   3. Chapter in an Edited Book: Budianta, D., Napoleon, A. & Bolan, N. 2022. Heavy metals in Indonesian paddy soils. In: Almayyahi, B.A. (Ed.), Heavy Metal—Recent Advances. IntechOpen, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109027
   4. Proceedings: Hapsari, L. & Masrum, A. 2011. Diversity and characteristics of banana (Musa acuminata) diploid AA cultivars group collection of Purwodadi Botanic Garden. In: Proceedings of the Seminar on Conservation of Tropical Plants: Current Condition and Future Challenge, Cibodas, Indonesia, pp. 225–229.
   5. Conference Paper: Budianta, D., Napoleon, A., Merismon & Habi, M.L. 2022. Save our soil from heavy metal (Pb and Cd) accumulation for rice growth. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1005: 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1005/1/012001

   Cover Letter Guidelines

   A cover letter should accompany each manuscript submission to JOSAET and should briefly provide the following information:

   1. Manuscript Title: The title of your manuscript.
   2. Corresponding Author: The name of the corresponding author.
   3. Co-Authors: The names of all other co-authors.
   4. Manuscript Type: Indicate whether the submission is an Original Research Article, Review Article, or Short Communication.
   5. Statement of Suitability: Briefly explain why the manuscript is appropriate for JOSAET, highlighting its relevance to the journal's aims and scope, scientific contribution, novelty, and significance.
   6. Previous Submissions: If the manuscript has previously been submitted to another journal, authors should disclose this information where relevant and briefly describe any substantial revisions made in response to previous peer-review comments. The manuscript must not be under consideration by another journal at the time of submission to JOSAET.
   7. Reviewer Suggestions: Authors are encouraged to suggest at least two potential reviewers with appropriate expertise in the subject of the manuscript. Suggested reviewers should be independent of the authors, preferably from different institutions, and should have no personal, professional, or financial conflicts of interest with the authors. Authors should provide the reviewers' names, institutional affiliations, areas of expertise, and institutional email addresses where available. The Editorial Team reserves full responsibility for the selection and appointment of reviewers and is not obligated to use the suggested reviewers.
   8. Originality and Exclusive Submission: Authors must confirm that the manuscript is original, has not been previously published in substantially the same form, and is not currently under consideration for publication by another journal. All authors must have approved the manuscript and agreed to its submission to JOSAET.

   Guidelines for the Peer Review Process at JOSAET

   1. Receipt of Manuscripts: Upon submission through the JOSAET online submission system, manuscripts are recorded and processed by the editorial office. The corresponding author will receive confirmation of the submission through the journal system.
   2. Initial Editorial Screening: Each submitted manuscript undergoes an initial editorial screening to assess its relevance to the aims and scope of JOSAET, originality, scientific quality, ethical compliance, adherence to the journal's author guidelines, and overall suitability for peer review. Manuscripts that do not meet these requirements may be rejected without external peer review.
   3. Assignment of Reviewers: Manuscripts that pass the initial editorial screening will normally be evaluated through a double-blind peer-review process by at least two independent reviewers with relevant expertise. Reviewer selection is based on subject expertise, independence, and the absence of conflicts of interest.
   4. Review Period: Reviewers are normally requested to complete their evaluations within the timeframe specified in the JOSAET online review system. Reviewers should provide objective, constructive, and sufficiently detailed comments to assist the editors in reaching an editorial decision and the authors in improving their manuscripts.
   5. Reviewer Recommendations: After evaluating the manuscript, reviewers may provide one of the following recommendations:
   • Accept
   • Minor Revision
   • Major Revision
   • Reject
   6. Revision: When revision is required, authors should address the reviewers' and editors' comments carefully and submit a revised manuscript together with a detailed point-by-point response. Revised manuscripts may be returned to the original reviewers or evaluated by the editorial team, depending on the extent of the revisions and the nature of the comments.
   7. Editorial Decision: The reviewers' recommendations are advisory and do not constitute the final editorial decision. The final decision on a manuscript is made by the Editor-in-Chief and/or the handling editor, taking into consideration the reviewers' evaluations, the authors' responses to reviewer comments, the scientific quality and originality of the manuscript, its relevance to the aims and scope of JOSAET, and compliance with the journal's ethical and editorial standards.
   8. Final Acceptance: A manuscript may be accepted for publication after the required revisions have been satisfactorily addressed and the manuscript meets the scientific, ethical, and editorial standards of JOSAET. Following acceptance, the manuscript will undergo final editorial checks and production processing prior to publication.
   9. Appeals: Authors may appeal an editorial decision by submitting a clear and scientifically supported justification for reconsideration. Appeals will be evaluated by the editorial team in accordance with the journal's editorial policies, and the outcome of the appeal will be communicated to the corresponding author.

   Production and Typesetting

   Authors should prepare and submit manuscripts using the official JOSAET manuscript template. After a manuscript has been accepted for publication, it will undergo editorial production and typesetting using LaTeX to ensure consistency, accuracy, and conformity with the journal's publication format. Authors may be contacted during the production stage to review proofs and correct typographical or production-related errors before final publication.

   Withdrawal Process Guideline

   1. Request for Withdrawal: The corresponding author must submit a formal written request to the Editor-in-Chief or Managing Editor explaining the reason for withdrawal. A manuscript should not be considered withdrawn until the withdrawal request has been formally acknowledged by the journal.
   2. Co-Authors' Approval: The withdrawal request must be approved by all authors. The corresponding author is responsible for confirming that all co-authors have agreed to the withdrawal.
   3. Editorial Assessment: The Editor-in-Chief or designated editor will review the withdrawal request and may contact the corresponding author for clarification where necessary. The journal will provide formal confirmation when the withdrawal has been approved and completed.
   4. Withdrawal Fee: JOSAET does not charge a fee for manuscript withdrawal.
   5. Withdrawal Confirmation: Upon approval from the Editor-in-Chief and payment of any applicable fees, the withdrawal of the manuscript will be confirmed, and the authors will be notified.
   6. Record Keeping: A record of the withdrawal, including reasons and any communication, will be maintained by the journal for future reference.

   Note: Withdrawal of a manuscript is considered a last resort and is discouraged. It wastes valuable resources and reviewers' time. Therefore, authors should be absolutely certain before submitting their manuscript for review.

   Post-Acceptance Withdrawal: Withdrawal after a manuscript has been accepted and entered the production or typesetting stage is strongly discouraged and will only be considered in exceptional circumstances. Any such request must provide a clear justification and will be evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief in accordance with JOSAET's editorial and publication ethics policies. For articles that have already been formally published, concerns or significant errors will be handled through appropriate post-publication mechanisms, such as corrections, errata, expressions of concern, or retractions, as applicable.